Effective pedestrian-first street design integrates several specific elements to create safer, more inviting urban spaces. Public space design is fundamental, focusing on wide, unobstructed sidewalks, pedestrian refuge islands, and clearly marked, often raised, crosswalks. Enhancements like street furniture, public art, and ample lighting significantly boost comfort and visual appeal for those on foot.

Traffic calming measures are crucial for mitigating vehicle speeds and volumes, directly improving pedestrian safety. These tactics include implementing speed humps, raised intersections, curb extensions, and narrower vehicle lanes. Road diets are also employed, reallocating existing road space from vehicular traffic to other uses like wider footpaths or cycle lanes.

Furthermore, accessibility is paramount. Designs must adhere to universal design principles, incorporating features such as step-free access, tactile warning strips, and accessible pedestrian signals to ensure ease of use for everyone. Finally, integrating green infrastructure, like street trees, bioswales, and rain gardens, weaves nature into the urban fabric. This not only provides shade and improves air quality but also aids in stormwater management and significantly enhances the overall aesthetic and livability of pedestrian environments.