1. Introduction Close to 55 percent of the world population live in urban settlements. By 2045, the urban population is expected to increase 1.5 times to 6 billion, adding 2 billion more residents. The swift pace of urban expansion brings the promise of immense economic growth. It is estimated that
1. Overview of global scenario around water a. Modern neglect for our relationship with nature More than 70 percent of Earth’s surface is covered in water, yet lack of access to clean water is one of the most pressing challenges of our time. As of 2015, 29 percent of people
Waste has always been an undeniable factor in the city building process. More so in today’s context, waste management has been brought to the forefront of architectural, planning, and popular discourse due to it directly and intensely affecting our ways of living in a city. Thus, it’s time for us
Due to water-scarcity challenges around the world, it is essential to think about non-conventional water resources to address the increased demand for clean fresh water. Among the current treatment technologies applied in urban wastewater reuse for irrigation purposes, wetlands were concluded to be one of the most suitable in terms
Does the word ‘Heritage’ mainly remind you of buildings? Modern neglect for our relationship with nature Usually in the current zeitgeist, people visualize old buildings, preserved by the government, where people visit and admire the artifacts and architecture and learn about history, to be ‘heritage’. But heritage can be
With the growing telecommuting trend, more people rely on virtual spaces and digital modes of communication like video and web conferencing to socialize and interact online. Metaverse is a methodology of using the virtual and digital to enable a range of real-world-like capabilities to users in a 3-D immersive world.
The city building process is a highly complex phenomenon consisting of enormous numbers of collective efforts. These efforts can translate into successful or failed developmental projects, depending on the degree of motivation and robustness driving them. But there are some other cases where a successful project becomes outdated, invalid, or
